Prevalence and Configuration of C-shaped Canals in Lower Molars from a Chilean Subpopulation / Prevalência e configuração de canais em forma de C em molares inferiores em subpopulação Chilena

Objective: To determine the prevalence of C-shaped canals in lower molars (first and second molars) in a Chilean subpopulation, and to identify root configuration and demographic characteristics using cone beam tomography.Materials and method: 912 molars (456 first and 456 second molars) resulting from the analysis of 228 mandibular CBCT scans (89 men and 139 women between 15 and 80 years old) were evaluated. Through panoramic reconstruction and axial tomographic sections, the root configuration was established, and the presence and type of C-shaped canal were classified, analyzing 5 levels along the root canal. Data were statistically analyzed with a 5% significance level. Results: Of the 912 molars analyzed, 69 were classified as C-shaped (7.57%), constituting 65.72% of those molars that presented fused roots. 100% of this configuration of canals was observed in lower second molars, presenting a higher prevalence in women (n = 49, 71.01%). 40.82% of the cases that presented a C-shaped configuration manifested bilaterally. The most frequent C-shaped canal configuration was C3 (n = 347, 66.10%), according to Melton's classification. Conclusion: The C-shaped canals in the studied population were observed entirely in lower second molars, showing a clear predilection for the female sex and a high rate of bilaterality (AU)

Objetivo: Determinar a prevalência de canais em forma de C em molares inferiores (primeiros e segundos molares) em uma subpopulação chilena e identificar a configuração radiculares e características demográficas utilizando tomografia feixe cônico. Material e Métodos: Foram avaliados 912 molares ( 456 primeiros e 456 segundos molares) resultando da análise de 228 tomografias de feixe cônico de mandíbulas (89 homens e 139 mulheres entre 15 e 80 anos). Através da reconstrução panorâmica e secções axiais de tomografias, a configuração da raiz foi estabelecida e a classificada a presença e tipo de canal em forma de C, analisando 5 níveis ao longo do canal radicular. Os dados foram analisados estatisticamente com significância de 5%. Resultados: Dos 912 molares analisados, 69 foram classificados como formato de C (7,57%), constituindo 65,72% dos molares que apresentavam raiz fusionadas. 100% dessas configurações de canais foram observados em segundos molares inferiores, com maior prevalência em mulheres (n=49, 71,01%). 40,82% dos casos presentes como formato de C manifestaram-se bilateralmente. A maior frequência das configurações do canal em forma de C no canal foram C3 ( n=347, 66.10%) de acordo com a classificação de Melton. Conclusão: Canais em forma de C no estudo populacional foram observados em sua totalidade nos segundos molares inferiores, demonstrando nítida predileção pelo sexo feminino e alto índice de bilateralidade. (AU)

Análisis interdisciplinar con perspectiva de género del alcoholismo en mujeres / Interdisciplinary Analysis with a Gender Perspective on Alcoholism in Women

Introducción: El alcoholismo, entendido en el marco del consumo con dependencia, es una problemática que afecta tanto a hombres como mujeres, sin embargo, con una tendencia al alza en estas últimas. Esto reviste una complejidad diferente al momento de ser abordado, asociada a la dimensión social, el género y el clandestinaje. Objetivo: Comprender las maneras en que opera la dimensión cultural y, en específico, el género, en las trayectorias de vida de mujeres alcohólicas. Métodos: Desde un enfoque cualitativo y transversal, la investigación propone el método etnosociológico sobre relatos de vida, basado en estudios de caso. Resultados: La experiencia del consumo de alcohol está marcada por: I- Consumo inicial en la niñez, que facilita el posterior acceso en una etapa adolescente, etapa asociada al consumo reiterado y vinculado a la aceptación social en términos de expectativas de género. II- Consumo adulto, periodo más problemático desde la perspectiva de la dependencia, clandestinaje y experiencias de violencia asociadas. III- Rehabilitación, proceso indefinido cuyo inicio se asocia a la experiencia de género. Todas las etapas del alcoholismo, en las historias de vida analizadas, tienen relación con el género, lo que se expresa principalmente en: el estigma; la vulnerabilidad; la violencia y el consumo clandestino. Conclusiones: los procesos de rehabilitación de alcoholismo en mujeres requieren de una perspectiva interdisciplinaria que integre el enfoque de género(AU)

Introduction: Alcoholism, understood in the s of consumption with dependence, is a concern affecting both men and women, although with is an upward tendency among the latter ones. This is approached with a different complexity, in association with the social dimension, the gender perspective, and concealment. Objective: To analyze the ways in which the cultural dimension affects several aspects, specifically gender, in the life paths of alcoholic women. Methods: A research with a qualitative and cross-sectional approach was carried out. The ethno-sociological method of life stories was used, based on case studies. Results: The experience of alcohol consumption is marked by 1) initial consumption in childhood, which facilitates subsequent access in a teenage stage, a stage associated with repeated consumption and linked to social acceptance in terms of gender expectations; 2) adult consumption, the most problematic period from the perspective of dependency, concealment, and associated experiences of violence; and 3) rehabilitation, an indefinite process whose beginning is associated with the gender experience. All stages of alcoholism, in the life stories analyzed, are related to gender, which is expressed mainly through stigma, vulnerability, violence, and concealed consumption. Conclusions: Alcoholism rehabilitation processes in women require an interdisciplinary perspective integrating the gender approach(AU)

Aproximación a la producción científica de la revista Finlay según la Web de la Ciencia / Assessment of the Finlay Journal Scientific Production According to the Web of Science

Fundamento: la bibliometría permite analizar la productividad científica de un país, institución o autor en particular. Las mejores revistas del orbe realizan estudios bibliométricos, para poder saber si son competitivas con sus pares en un área temática o del conocimiento. Objetivo: evaluar la producción científica de la revista Finlay en el período 2015-2017. Método: se realizó un estudio bibliométrico en el que la producción analizada es la realizada en los años 2015 a 2017, la información fue extraída hasta el 17 de enero de 2018, se utilizó la base de datos Web de la Ciencia. Los 144 artículos examinados fueron importados a una base de datos elaborada, para este fin, se utilizó Microsoft Excel. Se consideraron las variables: año de publicación, producción de autores, instituciones, países, temática, idioma, promedio de citas por artículo, promedio de cita de autores por año, promedio de artículo por autor, número de autores por artículo y promedio de autores por artículo. Además se utilizaron los indicadores h, g y e. Los resultados se presentaron en tablas para poder evaluar la producción científica de la revista. Resultados: predominaron las temáticas relacionadas con la especialidad de medicina interna, el autor más productivo fue Miguel Ángel Serra Valdés, también la institución más prolífera fue el Hospital General Universitario Dr. Gustavo Aldereguía, Cuba es el país con mayor aporte en artículos. Conclusión: la revista Finlay ha ido consolidando su calidad e impacto progresivamente en el medio de competencia dentro de la Web de la Ciencia.

Foundation: bibliometry allows to analize the scientific production of a country, institution or particular author. The best journals worldwide do bibliometric studies to determine if they are competitive with their pairs in a thematic knowledge area. Objective: to evaluate the scientific production of the Finlay Journal in the period 2015-2017. Method: a bibliometric study was realized in which he production analyzed is done during the years 2015 to 2017, the information was extracted up to January 7th 2018, data base from the Web of Science was used. The 144 articles examined were imported to a data base elaborated, with this purpose, using Excel Microsoft. The variables considered were: year of the publication, author's production, institutions, countries, topics, languages, average quotes per publication and number of authors per article. In addition indicators h, g and e were used. The results were presented in tables in order to be able to evaluate the scientific production of the journal. Results: topics related with internal medicine predominated, the most productive author was Miguel Serra Valdés, also the most prolific institution was the Gustavo Aldereguía Lima University Hospital, Cuba is the country with the highest contribution of articles. Conclusion: the Finlay Journal has progressively been consolidating its quality and impact in the competitive environment within the Web of Science.